MWH Primary Document Research Project: Chicago Citations

• The full footnote must be used the first time the source is referenced.
• Subsequent references can use a shortened version.
  • ex: Michael Pollan, The Omnivore’s Dilemma: A Natural History of Four Meals (New York: Penguin, 2006), 99-100.
  •  Pollan, Omnivore’s Dilemma, 99-100.
• Footnote numbers are never reused.  There is a new number for each time the source is referenced.
• Ibid= Latin for "in the same place."  Can be used when you are citing the same source without a change in sources.
  •  Pollan, Omnivore’s Dilemma, 99-100.
  • Ibid. 100
• Do not include excessively long URLs.  Shorten URLs or leave them out.

• The bibliography should be alphabetical.
• Entries should be typed single-space but there should be a blank line between each separate citation.
• If you have multiple bibliographic entries from the same author, it is acceptable to use what is called the ‘3-em’ dash to replace the name of the content creators.  
• For Example:

Judt, Tony. A Grand Illusion? An Essay on Europe. New York: Hill and Wang, 1996.

—. Reappraisals: Reflections on the Forgotten Twentieth Century. New York: Penguin Press, 2008.

—, ed. Resistance and Revolution in Mediterranean Europe, 1939-1948. New York: Routledge, 1989.

Articles from newspapers or news sites, magazines, blogs, and the like are cited similarly. Page numbers, if any, can be cited in a note but are omitted from a bibliography entry. If you consulted the article online, include a URL or the name of the database.

NOTES

1. Farhad Manjoo, “Snap Makes a Bet on the Cultural Supremacy of the Camera,” New York Times, March 8, 2017, https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/08/technology/snap-makes-a-bet-on-the-cultural-supremacy-of-the-camera.html.

2. Erin Anderssen, “Through the Eyes of Generation Z,” Globe and Mail(Toronto), June 25, 2016, http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/through-the-eyes-of-generation-z/article30571914/.

3. Rob Pegoraro, “Apple’s iPhone Is Sleek, Smart and Simple,” Washington Post, July 5, 2007, LexisNexis Academic.

4. Vinson Cunningham, “You Don’t Understand: John McWhorter Makes His Case for Black English,” New Yorker, May 15, 2017, 85.

5. Dara Lind, “Moving to Canada, Explained,” Vox, September 15, 2016, http://www.vox.com/2016/5/9/11608830/move-to-canada-how.

SHORTENED NOTES

6. Manjoo, “Snap.”

7. Anderssen, “Generation Z.”

8. Pegoraro, “Apple’s iPhone.”

9. Cunningham, “Black English,” 86.

10. Lind, “Moving to Canada.”

BIBLIOGRAPHY ENTRIES (IN ALPHABETICAL ORDER)

Anderssen, Erin. “Through the Eyes of Generation Z.” Globe and Mail(Toronto), June 25, 2016. http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/through-the-eyes-of-generation-z/article30571914/.

Cunningham, Vinson. “You Don’t Understand: John McWhorter Makes His Case for Black English.” New Yorker, May 15, 2017.

Lind, Dara. “Moving to Canada, Explained.” Vox, September 15, 2016. http://www.vox.com/2016/5/9/11608830/move-to-canada-how.

Manjoo, Farhad. “Snap Makes a Bet on the Cultural Supremacy of the Camera.” New York Times, March 8, 2017. https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/08/technology/snap-makes-a-bet-on-the-cultural-supremacy-of-the-camera.html.

Pegoraro, Rob. “Apple’s iPhone Is Sleek, Smart and Simple.” Washington Post, July 5, 2007. LexisNexis Academic.